Car-ventilator.



J. T. MERGIBR.

GAR VENTILATOR.

APPLICATION IILED AUG. 24, 1911.

1,038,918. Patented July 30, 1912.

[hi enTO)": cigaep/r r/wercl'en UNI JOSEPH T. MERCIER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO ERNEST J. MAGERSTAD'I, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

CAR-VENTILATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented J {11y 30, 1912.

Application filed August 24, 1911. Serial No. 645,857.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OSEPI-I T. Mnncncn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Car-Ventilators, of which the following is a specification.

The ventilator of the present invention relates to that type adapted to be placed upon the outside of a car body, and by reason of its construction and mode of operation may be termed a turret suction ventilator.

The objects of the present invention are,

' to produce a ventilator which will be capable of being positioned upon any form of a car roof, or upon the sides or deck of the car; to provide a series of openings co1nmunicating with the interior of the car body; and to arrange a series of air channels through which a current of air will travel, so that the air from the interior of the car will be sucked through these openings by the force of the air rushing through these channels. 7

Another object of the invention is in the arrangement of the walls which form the air channels, whereby proper deflection of the air current is produced, and whereby the air passing through the outlet obtains sutlicient force to exert the necessary suction of air out from the openings leading from the interior of the car body. And a further object of the invention is to so arrange the air channels as to eliminate any surfaces or configurations which would enable an accumulation of cinders or other debris in the ventilator, which would choke the channels and prevent the proper circulation of air therethrough.

The invention further consists in the features of construction and the combination of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a view showing the roof of a car with one of the venti lators of the present invention in place thereon; Fig. 2, a transverse section through the ventilator; and Fig. 3, a section on line 33 of Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the arrow.

The ventilator of the type to which the present invention relates is adapted and intended to be placed upon the roof or the dome of a car body. In some forms of car construction it is considered advisable to place the ventilator upon the deck, rather than upon the roof, and in some forms of roof construction, namely, those which may be termed an arch or dome-shaped roof, it is a matter of considerable difiiculty to properly locate ventilators. The present ventilator is so designed and constructed that it may be positioned upon any roof construction, or upon the deck of the car, and work with equal efliciency. This statement is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but is merely a statement setting forth the adaptability of the structure for use upon various designs of cars.

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, a car roof 1 is illustrated, which is equipped with a ventilator 5 of the present invention. From this figure it will be seen that the ventilators of the type of the present invention project outside of the car body, and may be said to be in the form of a turret or cupola. The term turret, therefore, as used in the specification and claims, relates to a type of ventilator which projects outside of the body of the car.

Referring to Fig. 3,,the ventilator may be said to consist of three sections, an upper section 6, an intermediate section 7, and a lower section 8. The upper section 6 is in the form of a cap and is intended as a shield to prevent the entrance of rain, cinders, etc., into' the open part of the ventilator. The lower section 8 is more in the nature of a support and is the part which is joined to the car body. The intermediate section 7 forms the portion of the ventilator through which the air circulates. This sec tion is composed'of three members, 9, 10 and 11, which are in the nature of webs extending between the upper and lower sections. By referring to Fig. 2 it will be seen that these web portions are triangularly arranged with respect to one another, the section 9 constituting the upper centrally located portion of the triangularly arranged portions, and the sections 10 and 11 constituting the outer parts, which may be said to be located upon opposite sides of the center of the centrally located portion. The section 9 is composed of oppositely extending curved walls 12 and 13 joined together by a wall 14:. Each of the sections 10 and 11 comprises an angularly extending wall 15, which is bent to provide an outer wall 16 and an inner Wall 17, the walls 17 and 15 being joined by a curved wall 18. The construction of the portions 10 and 11 is identical. The wall 15 and the wall 12 cooperate to form an air inlet passage 19, and the walls 13 and the wall 15 of the section 11 cooperate to form an air inlet 20.

It will be noted that the above mentioned air inlets contract toward their inner end, and that they are oppositely disposed with respect to one another, but it will be further noticed that the sections 10 and 11 are so formed as to break the continuous passage between said sections, so that air entering the passage 19 would be deflected from its natural course through the passage 20. These two passages are oppositely arranged, so that when the car is going in either direct-ion, an air inlet will be furnished. The walls 16 of the sections 10 and 11 cotiperate to form an air outlet 21, which, as shown, is slightly tapered at its outer or discharge end. The passage 21, it will be noted, is centrally disposed with respect to the passages 19 and 20 and extends at approximately right angles to said passages. The walls forming the upper end of this passage 21 are so arranged, as heretofore stated, as to prevent the passage of air, I will say, for instance, from the passage 19 to the passage 20; and the air coming through the passage 19 will be deflected into the passage 21 and discharged out of this latter passage. This point is material, since if the air flowed directly through the inlet passages, that is, entered one and discharged from the other, there would be no sucking or siphoning of the air from the interior of the car. The walls 16 and 17 of each of the sections 10 and 11 have a portion thereof configured to provide a passage 22, which communicates with an opening 23 in the section 8, and hence is in communication with the interior ofthe car body. The walls 16 and 17 are spaced away to provide a passageway 24: communicating with the passage 22, so that the air coming through the opening 23 finds a discharge by way of the passage 21. This passage 24 has communication with the passage 21 at the outer or discharge end of the latter passage.

It will be noted that in the construction employed withthe present invention, there are no sharp or contracted corners of any nature, in which cinders or other debris would likely accumulate and choke the passageways to prevent the circulation of air. All of the channels or passageways are sufficiently open and are formed of walls which are configured to prevent the accumulation of cinders at any point thereon. The circulation of air through the various passages will serve to at all times keep them in clear condition, and hence the danger of a chok-.

ing of the passages and a consequent interruption in the sucking of air from the car interior is eliminated. Furthermore, the

passages 22 are so arranged with respect to the passages 19, 20 and 21 as to prevent cinders or other matter passing through these latter passages from entering the passages 22 and so entering the interior of the car.

The operation will be readily understood from the foregoing, but briefly is as follows: Supposing the car to be going in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2: The air will pass through the passages 19 and 21, as indicated by the arrows, and will be discharged from the open end of the passage 21. Owing to the arrangement of these passages, the air will be discharged from the passage 21 with considerable force; that is, it will be flowing at considerable velocity. This will produce a movement of air in the passage 24:; that is, a suction will be created in said passages, creating a flow of air toward the discharge end of the passage 21. This suction will draw the air from the interior of the car up through the openings 23 and into the passages 22; thence into the passages 24:;and so discharge it to the outside air. Thus, a suction is created for drawing the air from the interior of the car. This drawing or displacement of the air from the interior of the car causes a constant changing of the air therein, and hence makes proper ventilation.

It will be readily understood that, whether the ventilator is in the position shown in Fig. 1, or whether it lies at a slope as it would have to do if used with a domeshaped roof, or whether it projects from the side of the car, as it would if it were placed leading from the interior of the car and having its point of communication with the outlet located away from the juncture of the inlet and outlet, substantially as described.

2. A turret car ventilator, comprising an air inlet and an air outlet, said outlet being contracted toward its outer end, and a passage leading from the interior of the car and having its point of communication with the outlet located away from the juncture of the inlet and outlet, substantially as described.

3. A turret car ventilator, comprising an air inlet and an air outlet, a passage lying along one side of the outlet and communicating with the outlet at a point beyond the juncture of the inlet and outlet, and a. passage leading from the interior of the car and communicating with the passage lying to one side of the outlet, substantially as described.

4. A turret car ventilator, comprising oppositely disposed air inlets arranged to prevent the passage of air from one to the other, an air outlet arranged to receive the air coming through either of said inlets, and a passage arranged along the side of the out-let passage and communicating with the interior of the car, and having communication with the outlet passage, substantially as described.

5. A turret car ventilator, formed of upper, lower, and intermediate sections, said intermediate section comprising a portion having oppositely extending curved walls, and portions having inwardly converging walls, the curved and converging walls cooperating to form oppositely disposed air inlets, the converging walls continuing and forming the walls of an air outlet, and.-

passageways leading from the interior of the car and communicating with said outlet, substantially as described.

6. A turret car ventilator, formed of upper, lower, and intermediate sections, said intermediate section comprising a portion having oppositely extending curved walls, and portions having inwardly converging walls, said curved and converging walls cooperating to form oppositely disposed air inlets, the converging walls continuing and forming the walls of an air outlet, said outlet being contracted toward its discharge end, and passageways leading from the interior of the car and communicating with said outlet at the point of discharge of said outlet, substantially as described.

7. A turret car ventilator, formed of upper, lower, and intermediate sections, the intermediate section being composed of separated portions extending between the upper and lower sections and triangularly arranged with respect to one another, the walls of said portions cooperating to form oppositely extending air inlets, an air outlet communicating with said inlets and extending at right angles thereto, and passageways leading from the interior of the car and communicating with said out-let, substantially as described.

8. A turret car ventilator, formed of upper, lower, and intermediate sections, the intermediate section being composed of separated portions extending between the upper and lower sections and triangularly arranged with respect to one another, selected walls of said sections cooperating to 'form oppositely extending air inlets converging toward their inner ends, and an air outlet communicating with said inlets and extending at right angles thereto, and contracted at its discharge end, and passageways leading from the interior of the car and communicating with said outlet, sub stantially as described.

9. A turret car ventilator, formed of upper, lower, and intermediate sections, said intermediate section being composed of separated portions triangularly arranged with respect to one another, the centrally positioned portion having diverging walls, each of which constitutes one wall of oppo sitely disposed air inlet passages, the other portions each having a wall a portion of which forms a wall of the inlet passage and a portion of which forms a wall of an out-- let passage, and passageways leading from the interior of the car and lying upon opposite sides of the outlet passage and communicating therewith, substantially as described.

JOSEPH T. MERCIER. Witnesses:

EPHRAIM BANNING, THoMAs A. BANNING.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, I). G. 

